To install a whole-home filter, first collect your supplies. Choose a location for the device and shut off your water. After draining any remaining water from the pipes, cut a length of pipe where you intend to install the filter. Mount the filter, if necessary, then connect all the tubes. Finally, turn your water back on!
Proper installation of your whole-house water filter is crucial if you want to avoid damaging your system or voiding your warranty. Your filter system should come with its own installation guide, but if you’re new to DIY, you may need a more in-depth, step-by-step explanation.
That’s where we come in.
Between us, our water treatment expert, James Layton, and I have decades of experience in the water treatment industry. In this simple how-to article, we’ll apply that experience to take you through the essential steps of installing a whole-house water filter.
Quick Summary
Any complicated process, once broken down into steps, becomes easier to tackle. Here’s an at-a-glance look at what you can expect from your whole-house water filtration system installation.
- Learn the essential steps: Before installing your filter according to its manual, you must turn off your home’s water, determine an appropriate location, and prepare the pipes.
- Prioritize safety: Wearing protective gear while using power tools and during installation is absolutely essential.
- Troubleshoot like a pro: Gain insights into common issues and how to troubleshoot them, including leakage, low water pressure, and more.
What You Will Need
Before we jump into the installation process, we need to gather essential tools and consider safety measures to ensure a smooth and painless operation.
Materials and tools
The specific tools you need may vary depending on the type and brand of water filter system, as well as the existing plumbing in your home. Here’s a general list of tools you should have on hand:
- Pipe cutter: A quality metal pipe cutter is essential for cutting the main water supply line where you’ll install the filter.
- Adjustable wrench: You’ll need an adjustable wrench for tightening and loosening various plumbing connections and fittings.
- Pipe wrench: A pipe wrench is handy for securing and connecting pipes and fittings.
- Screwdrivers: Both flat-head and Phillips-head screwdrivers may be needed for specific tasks during the installation.
- Teflon tape: Also called plumber’s tape, Teflon tape creates a watertight seal on threaded connections, such as those on pipe fittings and filter housings.
- Tubing cutter or PVC cutter (if applicable): Depending on the type of plumbing in your home, you might need a tubing cutter or PVC cutter to cut plastic pipes.
- Bucket and towels: Have a bucket or towels on hand to catch any water that may spill when you cut the water line.
- Measuring tape: A measuring tape is necessary to ensure accurate placement, cuts, and pipe lengths.
- Level: A level helps ensure your filter housing or media tank is mounted correctly and level on the wall, if mounting is required.
- Anchors and screws: Anchors and screws are necessary for securely attaching the filter housing to a wall or other stable surface.
- Pliers: Standard pliers can be helpful for various tasks, such as tightening nuts and bolts.
- Hacksaw (if applicable): In some cases, you might need a hacksaw to cut metal pipes.
- Drill and bits: If you need to create holes in walls or other surfaces to mount the filter housing, you’ll need a drill and the appropriate drill bits.
- Stud finder: If you’re mounting the filter housing to a wall, a stud finder can help you locate the wall studs for secure attachment.
- Electrical tape: If you’re working near electrical connections, electrical tape can help insulate and secure wires.
- Pipe fittings and adapters: Depending on your existing plumbing, you may require specific pipe fittings and adapters to connect the filter to your water supply lines.
- Flashlight or work light: Adequate lighting is important for working in tight or dark spaces, such as under sinks or in basements.
- Protective gear: Protective gear, such as safety goggles, gloves, and a coverall are important to avoid injury during the installation process.
It’s important to consult the manufacturer’s installation instructions that come with your specific whole-house water filter system to confirm the required tools and any unique installation procedures. Additionally, consider your own skill level and comfort with plumbing work; if you’re uncertain, it may be wise to consult a professional plumber for the installation.
Safety measures
When installing a whole-house water filter, consider safety measures to ensure that the installation is completed correctly and safely. Here are some safety measures to consider:
- Wear protective gear: Depending on the specific installation requirements and the tools you use, it may be a good idea to wear protective gear. This can protect you from potential splashes, sharp tools, or any chemicals used during the installation.
- Water test: Test your tap water before and after installation to ensure the filter is working correctly and effectively.
- Be cautious with tools: When using tools such as pipe cutters or wrenches, be cautious and avoid any abrupt movements.
- Turn off electricity: If your installation requires working near electrical wiring or appliances, turn off the electricity in those areas to avoid the risk of electrical shock.
- Beware of hot water: If your installation involves working with hot water pipes, take extra precautions to avoid burns or scalds. Make sure the water heater is turned off, and consider using heat-resistant gloves when working with hot water lines.
- Work in a well-ventilated area: If you’re using any chemicals or adhesives during the installation, make sure you work in a well-ventilated area. Proper ventilation helps reduce exposure to fumes and chemicals that may be harmful.
- Comply with state and local codes: Dispose of any waste materials, such as old pipes or filter cartridges, in accordance with local regulations. Some materials may need to be recycled or disposed of at a hazardous waste facility.
Installing Your Filtration System
I should mention that not all whole-house water filters are mounted to the wall. The installation method can vary depending on the type and design of the filter. Here are some common installation methods for whole-house water filters:
Wall-mounted filters: Wall-mounted filters are attached to a wall or another sturdy surface using screws and anchors. This type is relatively common, and the filter housing is securely fastened to the wall, making it easy to access for filter replacements and maintenance.
Bracket-mounted filters: Some whole-house filters come with brackets that allow them to be mounted to the existing plumbing. These brackets may be attached to the wall, floor, or another structure to support the filter.
Floor-standing filters: Some whole-house filters have media tanks that are designed to be freestanding on the floor. These filters typically come with a base or stand, and installation primarily involves securing them in a suitable location with enough space and support.
In-line filters: In-line whole-house filters are installed directly in the water line, typically requiring minimal additional support or mounting. These filters are often compact and designed to fit into existing plumbing lines, making installation straightforward.
Bypass systems: Some whole-house water filtration systems are installed as a bypass system that diverts a portion of the water through the filter and allows the rest to bypass the filtration. This type is often installed near the main water line, and it’s not wall-mounted. Bypass systems are generally installed with pipes and valves that control the flow.
Since wall-mounting is the most common installation method, I’ll be explaining the installation process below:
Step 1: Choose a location.
The first step in installing a whole-house water filter is to carefully choose an appropriate location for the system within your home’s plumbing. Selecting the right location is critical to ensuring the filter’s effectiveness and accessibility for maintenance.
The ideal spot is typically after the main water shutoff valve and before the water heater, ensuring that all water entering your home is filtered.
The chosen location should also have enough space to accommodate the filter housing, as well as being easy access for filter replacements and maintenance. Additionally, it’s important to take into consideration the filter’s weight, as it may require sturdy mounting and support.
Before marking the spot, check for nearby electrical and gas lines, and ensure there are no obstructions that could impede installation.
Step 2: Shut off the water supply.
The second step in installing a whole-house water filter is to shut off the water supply to your entire home. To do this, locate the main water shutoff valve, typically situated near the water meter or where the main water line enters your property. This step is typically straightforward and doesn’t require any special tools; you can use your hands to operate the valve.
A water shutoff valve (Courtesy: Sunshine Plumbing)
Turning off this valve is crucial because it stops the flow of water into your home, preventing any pressurized water from running through the plumbing during the installation process. Ensure that the valve is fully closed by turning it clockwise until it’s tightly shut.
By cutting off the water supply, you minimize the risk of leaks, water damage, or accidental discharges during the installation, making it a fundamental safety measure before proceeding with the rest of the installation process.
Step 3: Drain the water lines.
Next, drain the water lines throughout your home. Open several faucets and fixtures in your house, both hot and cold, to allow the water to flow out.
Image by wirestock on Freepik
This crucial step serves two main purposes:
- It reduces the pressure in the plumbing system, minimizing the potential for water spillage and leaks when you cut into the water line.
- It purges the plumbing lines of excess water, air, and loose particles, ensuring the filter installation process proceeds smoothly and the filter fills with water unimpeded when it becomes operational.
Step 4: Cut the water line.
The next step can’t be easily undone, so measure twice, cut once. You need to cut the main water supply line where you intend to install the filter. To do this, use a pipe cutter.
Before cutting, ensure that the water supply is fully turned off at the main shutoff valve, as mentioned in the previous step. Position the pipe cutter at the chosen location on the water line and tighten it around the pipe.
Rotate the cutter around the pipe to create a clean and straight cut. Place a bucket or towels beneath the cut to catch any water that may spill during this process. By accurately cutting the water line, you prepare it for connection to the filter housing and start the filter installation process.
Step 5: Install the filter housing or media tank.
Install the filter housing or media tank securely. Begin by mounting the filter housing to a solid surface, such as a wall, using screws and anchors if necessary.
Courtesy of cabindiy.com
Ensure the housing is level and the inlet and outlet ports are facing the right direction. You might need a level, a drill, and the appropriate anchors and screws for this task. For media tanks, the installation process may involve setting the tank in place and securing it, taking care to ensure it is level and stable.
Step 6: Connect the inlet and outlet.
Connecting the inlet and outlet pipes or tubing to the filter housing or media tank allows water to flow through the filter media or housing, ensuring that your tap water undergoes the filtration process.
To achieve this, use pipe fittings and adapters if necessary, ensuring they are the right size and type for your plumbing system. Apply Teflon tape to the threads of the fittings to create a secure, watertight seal. Use an adjustable wrench or pipe wrench to tighten the connections, making sure not to overtighten, which could damage the threads.
It’s crucial to follow the manufacturer’s instructions for your specific filter model, as designs and requirements may vary.
Step 7: Install the filter cartridge.
It’s time to install the filter cartridge into the filter housing or media tank. To do this, follow the manufacturer’s instructions provided with your specific filter model.
Typically, you will open the filter housing or media tank and insert the filter cartridge(s) following the manufacturer’s guidelines, such as orientation and any required pre-filtration steps. Some whole-house filters may have multiple stages or cartridges with different filtration media, so make sure to place them in the correct order.
Once the cartridges are securely in place, close and seal the filter housing, ensuring that it’s tightly sealed to prevent any bypass of unfiltered water.
No special tools are typically required for this step; it’s more about following the manufacturer’s instructions and being careful not to damage or misalign the filter cartridges during installation.
Step 8: Turn on the water supply.
Gradually turn on the main water supply to your home. This process is necessary to flush out any air or loose particles from the new filter. Before doing this, ensure all connections are secure, the filter housing is properly sealed, and the filter cartridge(s) are correctly installed, as detailed in the manufacturer’s instructions.
Slowly open the main water shutoff valve, turning it counterclockwise, and allow water to flow through the filter system. Again, you can easily do this without special tools.
As you gradually restore water flow, thoroughly inspect all connections, including the filter housing, inlet, and outlet, for any leaks. Use your hands or an adjustable wrench to check the tightness of the connections, being careful not to overtighten any connections.
Look closely at all the areas where pipes, tubing, and fittings meet to ensure no water droplets, moisture, or dampness is present. If you detect any leaks, address them immediately by tightening the connections or resealing them with Teflon tape or thread sealant, as needed.
It’s essential to be meticulous during this step to prevent water damage or any potential contamination of the water supply. Regularly checking for and promptly addressing leaks is a vital maintenance practice throughout the life of your whole-house water filter system to ensure its continued efficiency and your water’s quality.
Troubleshooting Common Installation Issues
Troubleshooting common issues during the installation of your whole-home water filtration system can help ensure it works effectively. Here are some common issues and how to address them:
Leaky connections
If you notice leaks at any of the filter connections, such as the filter housing, inlet, or outlet, turn off the water supply and tighten the leaking connection. If the issue persists, check for damaged threads or connections that may need to be resealed with Teflon tape or thread sealant.
Low water pressure
If you experience reduced water pressure throughout your home after installing the filter, it could be due to a clogged filter cartridge. Check the manufacturer’s instructions for the recommended filter replacement schedule and replace the cartridge if it’s overdue. Additionally, make sure the filter is installed in the correct direction, following the flow arrow indicated on the filter housing.
Air bubbles in water
When you turn on your faucets after installation, you may notice air bubbles in the water. This is normal and should clear out after a few minutes of use. It’s a result of air trapped in the system during installation. If it persists, you can bleed the system by opening a faucet at the highest point in your home and allowing the air to escape.
Water discoloration
If your water appears discolored after installation, this may be due to fine particles stirred up during the installation process. Run the water for several minutes to flush out any loose particles.
If the discoloration persists, it could be a sign of a problem with the filter media or cartridge. Check the cartridge and filter housing for any issues, and replace the cartridge if necessary.
Gurgling or other noises
Unusual noises from the filter system, such as gurgling or vibrating sounds, could be due to air trapped in the system or a water hammer. Ensure the filter housing and connections are properly sealed and the filter is installed in the right direction. If noise continues, consult the manufacturer’s instructions, or consider contacting a professional plumber to assess the system.
Bypass flow
A bypass issue occurs when water flows through the filter housing without passing through the filter media, essentially bypassing the filtration process. This can happen for several reasons:
- Improper installation: If the filter cartridge is not correctly seated or aligned within the filter housing, water can flow around the cartridge rather than through it. Proper installation and ensuring the filter cartridge is properly positioned are crucial to preventing bypass.
- Damaged seals or O-rings: The filter housing has seals or O-rings that create a watertight seal around the cartridge. If these seals are damaged or not functioning correctly, water can leak around the filter cartridge, bypassing the media. Regular maintenance and inspection of seals are essential.
- Water pressure: In some cases, excessive water pressure can force water around the filter cartridge. This may occur if the filter system is not designed to handle the pressure in your plumbing. Ensuring the whole-house filtration system is properly sized for your home and rated for your water pressure is important.
- Wrong filter size or type: Using the wrong size or type of filter cartridge for your specific filter housing can also lead to a bypass issue. The cartridge may not fit securely in the housing, allowing water to flow around it.
- Clogged or damaged filter cartridge: If the filter cartridge is clogged or damaged, it can create paths for water to bypass the media. Regular replacement of filter cartridges, as well as following the manufacturer’s recommendations, is essential to prevent this.
Odor or strange taste
If your filtered water has an unusual odor or taste, it may indicate the filter is not effectively removing specific contaminants. Check the type of filter media used in your system and ensure it is designed to address the specific contaminants present in your water supply. Consider upgrading to a filter with the appropriate media if necessary.
Changing the Filter Cartridge
Regularly changing the filter cartridge ensures your system continues to effectively remove contaminants and provides you with clean, safe water throughout your home. The frequency of filter cartridge replacement depends on the type and brand of your filter and the quality of your water.
To change the filter cartridge, begin by shutting off the water supply at the main shutoff valve and relieving any pressure in the filter system by opening a faucet. Next, open the filter housing and carefully remove the old cartridge(s), following the manufacturer’s instructions for your specific model.
Ensure proper orientation when inserting the new cartridge(s), replace the housing cap, and securely seal it. You typically won’t need special tools for this step, but gloves or a wrench may be useful for tight or hard-to-grip components.
Filter Cartridge Disposal
Properly disposing of used filter cartridges is important to ensure any contaminants or impurities they’ve captured do not reenter the environment. Here are some recommended methods for disposing of used filter cartridges:
- Check with the manufacturer: Some water filter manufacturers offer recycling programs for their products. Contact the manufacturer to inquire about any available recycling options and instructions for returning the used cartridges.
- Municipal solid waste: If the filter cartridge cannot be recycled or the manufacturer does not offer a recycling program, the best way to handle the used filter is to dispose of the filter media via your municipal solid waste. This means putting the filter cartridge in your regular trash, which will be processed at a landfill site.
- Reuse the shell: Before discarding the filter cartridge, consider reusing the plastic shell for other purposes, such as storing small items or as a plant pot for small plants. This can help reduce waste and extend the lifespan of the filter shell.
- Filter media recycling companies: Some companies specialize in recycling various types of water filters, including reverse osmosis, refrigerator, and pool filters. These companies may accept used filter cartridges for recycling, but there may be a fee involved. Check with these companies for specific instructions.
- Hazardous waste programs: Research hazardous waste programs in your state or local area that may accept different types of water filters for proper disposal. The EPA’s website provides links to states with such programs.
Final Thoughts
I hope you’ve found this guide on whole-house water filter installation helpful and informative.
Ensuring the purity of your drinking water is a task that shouldn’t be taken lightly, as clean water is the foundation of a healthy and thriving home. It’s been a pleasure to help you, and I trust that you now have the knowledge and confidence to install your whole-house filter successfully.
If you enjoyed this tutorial or have any thoughts to share, please feel free to leave your comments below. Your feedback is invaluable, and it’s what keeps us motivated to provide you with the best information. If you found this article beneficial, don’t hesitate to share it with others who might also be interested in achieving the ultimate water quality at home.
If you still haven’t made up your mind about which water filter is best for you, check out my review of the best whole-house water filters here.
To learn additional information regarding whole-house filters, explore the guides and reviews provided below: